Krouse Staging for Inverted Papilloma
- The Krouse Staging System is a clinical staging system used for inverted papilloma.
- T1: Tumour isolated to nasal cavity only.
- T2: Tumour involves medial wall of maxillary sinus, ethmoid sinuses, or ostiomeatal complex.
- T3 → Tumour involves any other part of the maxillary sinus aside from the medial wall (superior, inferior, anterior, posterior, lateral), or involving frontal or sphenoid sinus.
- T4 → Tumour which extends beyond paranasal sinuses or if final pathology is malignant.
- It was initially developed in 2000 to better compare outcomes between endoscopic and open surgical intervention.
Krouse Staging System for Inverted Papilloma
| Stage |
Features |
| T1 |
Tumour isolated to the nasal cavity |
| T2 |
Tumour extending to the medial wall of the maxillary sinus, ethmoid sinuses, or OMC. |
| T3 |
Tumour extending to any other wall of the maxillary sinus (inferior, posterior, anterior, lateral), or the frontal or sphenoid sinuses. |
| T4 |
Tumour with extension beyond the paranasal sinuses or if final pathology is malignant. |
Last updated October 10, 2022
